90° elbows are used to connect two pipes that are at a right angle to one another. On a level installation, they serve as corner or railing ends. In other words, A 90-degree elbow is easily connected to pipes made of so many different materials, including rubber, steel, cast iron, copper, and plastic. This pipe-fitting device is bent in such a way as to cause a 90° change in the direction that the fluid or gas flows through the pipe. The elbow, which is also referred to as a “quarter bend,” is a pipe fitting used to shift direction.
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A long radius 90-degree steel pipe elbow is installed to connect pipes or tubing of different lengths, facilitating a directional change at a precise 90-degree angle. This type of elbow is frequently utilized to join hoses to pumps, deck drains, and valves in various applications.
A short radius 90-degree elbow serves the same purpose as the aforementioned pipe elbow, but with a shorter diameter. Due to its compact size, this steel elbow is preferred when space constraints are a concern, ensuring efficient fitting in tight spaces.
There are 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 180 degree elbows according to fluid directions, It comes in a variety of varieties depending on the body material, including stainless steel, carbon steel, and alloy steel, There are two types of elbows: those with a short radius (SR elbow) and those with a long radius (LR elbow), There are three different types of elbow connections: socket weld, butt weld, and threaded steel piping elbow.
Materials used in 90° angle are as follows:
Steel pipe 90 degree elbows are a sort of pipe fitting that connects two pipes, to put it simply. The primary goal is to alter the path of events. As we all know, steel elbows come in a variety of degrees. The most common are 45 degrees, 90 degrees, and 180-degree steel pipe elbows. In case of exceptional requirements, pipeline systems also use other degrees like 60° or 120°.
According to the valve body material, it has stainless steel, carbon steel and alloy steel elbow.
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Material in carbon steel, referred standards as:
ASTM 234 WPB and WPC
ASTM A420 WPL6
MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42, 46, 52, 56, 60, 65 and 70
Stainless steel pipe elbow has higher strength and higher corrosion-resistances than carbon steel elbow. For general surface treatment, stainless steel elbow is used in high corrosion environment, such as chemical plants, offshore and gas pipelines. Surface treatment in 2B or mirror, these are used in food industries and sanitary purposes.
Material in stainless steel, referred standards as:
ASTM A403 WP 304/304L, 316/316L
ASTM A270
Stainless steel 90 degree elbow is a most common use of pipe elbow for stainless pipelines. Other than this is stainless steel 45 degree elbow, both of them in large requirements for butt weld, socket weld, and threaded connections.
Speaking of the forming of these steel pipe elbow, it has many steps. Even so , it is considered quite simple compared to other production processes.
First, we could weld the closed end of a polygonal circular shell or a polygonal sector shell. When the pipe inside filled with pressure medium, its cross section will change from a polygon to a tubular shape. Under internal pressure, the section will be a circular shell. Ring can be cut into four 90 degree elbows or six 60 degree elbow or any other size requirement. Due to advances in technology, the welding process can be applied in different application. For example, it is now possible to weld and manufacture larger diameter steel pipe elbow, especially large diameter that in long radius.
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